All three vaccines, Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson&Johnson are highly effective at preventing COVID-19 related death and hospitalization. Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna are 95% effective against all forms of COVID infections, and the J&J/Janssen vaccine is 74% effective. In comparison, the annual flu vaccine is typically between 40% and 60% effective in preventing influenza. It is unknown how long the COVID vaccine’s effectiveness will last, so an annual vaccine (much like the flu) may be required.